What type of illnesses are primarily caused by breathing in polluted air?

Respiratory illnesses are primarily caused by breathing in polluted air due to the direct impact of airborne pollutants on the respiratory system. These pollutants can include particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and volatile organic compounds, among others. When inhaled, these substances can irritate the airways, leading to conditions such as asthma, bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Long-term exposure to air pollution can significantly harm lung function and overall respiratory health.

While cardiovascular diseases can also be influenced by air pollution, the connection is less direct than with respiratory illnesses. Cardiovascular issues arise due to the systemic effects of long-term exposure to polluted air, which can lead to inflammation and other health problems affecting the heart and blood vessels. Gastrointestinal diseases and skin disorders are primarily linked to other environmental factors or pathogens rather than directly resulting from inhaled polluted air. Thus, respiratory illnesses are the most directly associated with air pollution due to the nature of the pollutants and their immediate effects on the lung tissues.