Which model represents cities arranged in concentric rings?

The concentric zone model is a theoretical framework that describes urban land use in terms of concentric rings radiating out from the central business district (CBD). This model, developed by sociologist Ernest Burgess in the 1920s, illustrates how a city grows and organizes itself spatially.

In this model, the innermost ring is the CBD, where commercial activities are concentrated. Surrounding the CBD are residential zones, with each consecutive ring representing a different type of land use such as lower-income housing, middle-class housing, and finally, more affluent suburbs on the outermost ring. This structure is significant as it reflects various socio-economic patterns and the progression of urban development.

This model is instrumental in understanding urban growth dynamics, and urban planners often refer to it when analyzing land use in urban areas. Other models, such as the sector model or the multiple nuclei model, present alternative perspectives on urban organization, focusing either on wedges of development or multiple centers of activity, respectively. However, these do not specifically illustrate the concentric, ring-based structure that the concentric zone model does.